Varenicline (Chantix)

Overview

Varenicline (Chantix) is a prescription medication that can help reduce cravings for tobacco and control nicotine withdrawal symptoms. It also blocks nicotine receptors in your brain, which decreases the pleasurable effects of smoking.

It takes several days for varenicline to reach effective levels in the blood. You typically should start taking varenicline a week or two before you quit smoking.

Pros

Varenicline:

• Is a pill, so it's relatively easy to use
• Can be used in combination with any nicotine replacement medication or bupropion

Cons

Varenicline:

• Is available only by prescription.
• Must be taken twice a day.
• Can cause nausea. Taking a lower dose or taking the medication with food and water might help.
• Can cause vivid or strange dreams.
• Can cause agitation, depressed mood or suicidal thoughts.

Cautions

In 2009, the FDA required varenicline to carry a warning that some people experienced serious mental health problems either while taking it or after stopping it, including an increased risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior, hostility, and depression.

In 2016, the FDA reversed that decision based on the results of a large scientific study that found the risk of these mental health side effects was lower than expected. Thus, the FDA determined that the benefits of stopping smoking appear to outweigh the risk of side effects from the medication.

If you take varenicline, report any changes in mood or behavior to your doctor immediately and stop taking the medication. In addition, varenicline should be used with caution if you have severe kidney problems.

Timeline

Varenicline is typically used for 12 weeks. But if you've successfully quit smoking, you can use it for another 12 weeks to reduce the risk of a smoking relapse.